Information from working disk:

fdisk partition layout

$ sudo fdisk -l /dev/sdq
Disk /dev/sdq: 1.46 TiB, 1600321314816 bytes, 3125627568 sectors
Disk model: ASM1352R-PM     
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 88343E8C-5BDB-4E55-9DA5-8CF34593D083

Device         Start        End    Sectors  Size Type
/dev/sdq1       2048    1050623    1048576  512M EFI System
/dev/sdq2    1050624    5244927    4194304    2G Linux filesystem
/dev/sdq3    5244928   68159487   62914560   30G Linux filesystem
/dev/sdq4   68159488  152045567   83886080   40G Linux filesystem
/dev/sdq5  152045568 3125627534 2973581967  1.4T Linux filesystem

btrfs layout

$ sudo btrfs filesystem show
warning, device 2 is missing
warning, device 2 is missing
warning, device 2 is missing
warning, device 2 is missing
Label: none  uuid: 3c2a0082-e0c0-4882-ac23-5da6bb386d6f
        Total devices 2 FS bytes used 35.84GiB
        devid    1 size 40.00GiB used 33.03GiB path /dev/sdq4
        *** Some devices missing

Label: none  uuid: 8c1c111a-d844-4f50-812c-2383f28c5092
        Total devices 2 FS bytes used 1.24GiB
        devid    1 size 2.00GiB used 1.30GiB path /dev/sdq2
        *** Some devices missing

Label: none  uuid: efd66661-3432-4e44-8fe5-03671104f994
        Total devices 2 FS bytes used 2.54TiB
        devid    1 size 1.38TiB used 1.38TiB path /dev/sdq5
        *** Some devices missing

Label: none  uuid: 5096903a-854b-4759-94e0-047c0e3ee145
        Total devices 2 FS bytes used 45.71GiB
        devid    1 size 30.00GiB used 30.00GiB path /dev/sdq3
        *** Some devices missing

btrfs RAID0 on partitions sd{2..5}. Recovering partition 4 and 5 most desired.

Partition 4 was "/", prefer to retrieve "/etc".

Partition 5 was "/home", prefer to retrieve as much as possible. Home directories were using Ubuntu's ecryptfs home directory encryption, unclear how to mount, but I have the key (user password) and otherwise partition 5 should be mountable once recovered and encrypted files visible.