Symbols of hate, rascism, white supremacy, etc.

[[https://qz.com/1412430/white-supremacists-are-taking-their-design-seriously-and-we-should-too/|White supremacists are taking their design seriously—and we should, too]] describes symbols:

 * X mark: Abstraction of the confederate flag
 * Othal rune: Represents ideology that ethnicity is based on one's blood descent
 * 14: represents the 14 words of [[https://www.adl.org/education/references/hate-symbols/14-words|most popular white supremacy slogan]]
 * Celtic cross: associated with skinheads and other nationalist groups

Others:

 * 88: Eighth letter of the alphabet, "H", for "HH", "Heil Hitler". [[https://www.adl.org/education/references/hate-symbols/88|more information]]

== Research ==

[[http://jmla.pitt.edu/ojs/jmla/article/view/490/744|“Blacklists” and “whitelists”: a salutary warning concerning the prevalence of racist language in discussions of predatory publishing]] has a great quote:

 To compound the issue, it is also striking how often the term “whitelist” is used for a supposedly good, respectable, or safe list of publishers [20, 22, 27]. The racism in such “black is bad, white is good” metaphors is inappropriate and needs to cease. The black-white dualism explicit in these binary terms is often associated with Western thinking that is usually traced back to the work of Rene Descartes. Although the epistemological dualism of Descartes may be seen in earlier works by Plato and Aristotle, this way of thinking is often associated with the Enlightenment and the subsequent scientific revolution and industrial development [28–30]. Thus, a foundational ontological dualism accepted by many people in Western cultures includes the supposedly “natural” divides between subject-object, body-spirit, human-nature, and self-other. Such dualism extends into our conceptions of good-evil, sacred/divine-profane, and civilized-heathen/barbarian [31].